مشاهدة : 2065
دجاج معدل جينيا لمواجهة الوباء المميت
في محاولة مهمة وجديدة من نوعها لمحاولة منع ظهور وباء بشري مميت، طور علماء بريطانيون دجاجا معدلا جينيا ومصمما ليقاوم بصورة كاملة الإنفلونزا.
وقالت ويندي باركلاي، أستاذة علم الفيروسات في كلية إمبريال كوليدج لندن، الرئيسة المشاركة للمشروع، إن من المقرر أن يفقس أول جيل من الدجاج المعدل الجينات في وقت لاحق من العام الجاري في معهد روزلين، بجامعة إدنبره في اسكتلندا.
وتم تعديل الحمض النووي (دي.إن.إيه) للطيور باستخدام تقنية جديدة لتعديل الجينات معروفة باسم كريسبر.
وفي هذه الحالة فإن "التعديلات" تتم لإزالة جزء من البروتين يعتمد عليه فيروس الإنفلونزا عادة، مما يجعل الدجاج مقاوما بصورة كاملة للإنفلونزا.
وقالت باركلاي إن الفكرة تكمن في إنتاج دواجن لا يمكن أن تصاب بالإنفلونزا، وتشكل "عازلا بين الطيور البرية والبشر"، وفق ما أوردت "رويترز".
ويشير متخصصون في الصحة والأمراض المعدية في العالم إلى خطر حدوث وباء إنفلونزا بشري، باعتباره أحد مخاوفهم الكبرى.
والخوف الأكبر الآن أن تنتقل سلالة فتاكة من إنفلونز االطيور من الطيور البرية عبر الدواجن إلى البشر، ثم تتحور إلى وباء يحمله الهواء ويمكنه الانتقال بسهولة بين البشر.
وقالت باركلاي "إذا استطعنا منع فيروس الإنفلونزا من الانتقال من الطيور البرية إلى الدجاج، فسوف نوقف الوباء القادم من مصدره".
وأضافت أن إحدى العقبات الكبرى في طريق هذا النهج هي مخاوف منتجي الدواجن فيما يتعلق بالقبول العام.
وقالت "يأكل الناس الطعام من حيوانات المزارع التي خضعت لتعديلات عبر عقود من التهجين التقليدي.. لكن ربما يقلقون من أكل طعام معدل جينيا".
وقتل وباء الإنفلونزا الإسبانية التاريخي في عام 1918 نحو 50 مليون شخص.
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