مشاهدة : 2091
القانون الانتخابي معيار الموازين الحزبية !
الاحزاب الصغيرة ..والقانون الانتخابي الهادف إلى اقصائها من الساحة…!
صادق مؤخرا كل من مجلسي النواب والمستشارين، على المشروع الذي احالته عليهما وزارة الداخلية، والمتعلق بالشروط التي ستمنح الدولة على أساسها، دعما للأحزاب المؤسسة بصفة قانونية، للمشاركة في الانتخابات العامة التشريعية، وتنص هذه الشروط على ضرورة تغطية ثلث الدوائر الانتخابية المحلية الخاصة بانتخاب اعضاء مجلس النواب على الاقل، شريطة أن تكون هذه الدوائر موزعة، على ثلاثة ارباع جهات المملكة وغطت على الأقل، نصف عدد الدوائر الجهوية الخاصة بانتخاب اعضاء المجلس المذكور.
وتمنح الدولة للأحزاب التي استوفت هذه الشروط دعما سنويا للمساهمة في تغطية مصاريف التسيير.
واذا كانت الاحزاب الصغيرة تعتبر هذه الشروط، مجحفة في حقها لان معظمها في احسن الاحوال لايتوفر سوى، على تمثيلية محدودة في البرلمان، لا تسمح له بتكوين فريق برلماني، ومن ثم فان من شان هذا القانون ان يقطع الطريق على أحزاب جادة وهي محسوبة على رؤوس أصابع اليد الواحدة ، وهذه الاحزاب وان كانت صغيرة الحجم فانها تقوم بدورها الكامل في التاطير والتربية السياسية، اذ العبرة بالكيف لابالكم، من شأن هذا القانون ان يقطع عنها الطريق للحصول على المزيد من المقاعد البرلمانية، وذلك بالرغم من الغاء العتبة واعتماد المسجلين في اللوائح لا المصوتين، وهو الامر الذي كان قد بعث نوعا من التفاؤل في نفوس قادة هذه الاحزاب، ودفع بهم بالتالي إلى الطموح في تمثيلية برلمانية افضل.
يرى رؤساء هذه الاحزاب أن هذا القانون، يهدف الى إقصائها نهائيا من الساحة، حتى يظل البرلمان حكرا على احزاب معينة والتي تعتبر نفسها احزابا كبيرة، تستمد شرعيتها من التاريخ وبالتالي فانها تعتبر نفسها هي الاحق وحدها بتمثيلية الشعب، علما ان بعض هذه الاحزاب كانت إلى الأمس القريب، تتمتع بشعبية واسعة وحاليا يمكن ادراجها في عداد الاحزاب الصغيرة، انه منطق الاشياء، فجميع الكائنات تتدرج من القوة الى الضعف والعكس صحيح، ومن ثم فبإمكان احزاب صغيرة وجادة أن تصير احزابا كبيرة، شريطة أن تتوفر لها الشروط الضرورية وكذا الأجواء الملائمة.
يقول رؤسا هذه الاحزاب أن قانون وزارة الداخلية على علاته، كان ارحم من اجتهادات فقهاء اللجنة البرلمانية الذين أضافوا شروطا تعجيزية منها:
1- أن يكون المترشح لا يزيد سنه عن أربعين سنة مرتبا في المرتبة الأولى من ثلاث لوائح على الاقل.
2- فيما يخص الدوائر الانتخابية الجهوية أن تكون مترشحة مقيمة خارج تراب المملكة مرتبة في المرتبة الأولى في لائحة واحدة على الأقل.
3-أن تكون مترشحة لا يزيد عمرها عن أربعين سنة مرتبة في المرتبة الأولى في لائحة واحدة على الأقل.
ألا تعتبر هذه الشروط شروطا تعجيزية، الغاية منها حرمان هذه الاحزاب من ممارسة حقها الدستوى في التأطير والتوعية وإبقاء ما كان على ما كان وتجسيدا لمنطق « انا وحدي مضوي لبلاد ».
بعد هذا التعسف القانوني يبقى الأمل الوحيد معلقا على المحكمة الدستورية التي احيل عليها للبت في دستوريته، أن ترفضه وتعيده للمجلس لقراءته ثانية وصياغة بدله قانونا متوازنا لا حيف ولاتعسف فيه.
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