مشاهدة : 2,076
دراسة تتوصل إلى علاج تجارب الطفولة السلبية
أظهرت دراسة أميركية، أن الأطفال الذين يمرون بتجارب سلبية مثل سوء المعاملة أو الإهمال قد يقل احتمال تعرضهم لمشاكل تتعلق بالصحة النفسية في مرحلة البلوغ إذا شاركوا في رياضات جماعية في مرحلة المراهقة.
وقد تشمل التجارب السلبية في فترة الطفولة رؤية الآباء وهم يتشاجرون أو طلاقهم أو أن يكون أحد الوالدين مصابا بمرض عقلي، أو مشكلة إدمان أو أن يتعرض الطفل لاعتداء جنسي أو جسدي أو أذى عاطفي.
وتم ربط هذه التجارب بما يعرف بالإجهاد الضار الذي يؤدي إلى مشاكل جسدية ونفسية تنتقل عادة من جيل لآخر.
وركزت الدراسة على ما إذا كان بمقدور الرياضات الجماعية، التي جرى ربطها بمنافع جسدية ونفسية مختلفة، خفض احتمال الإصابة بمشاكل نفسية دائمة لدى البالغين الذين لديهم تاريخ من التجارب السلبية.
وتابع الباحثون 4888 مراهقا تعرضوا لتجارب سلبية و4780 مراهقا لم يتعرضوا لها على مدى أكثر من عشر سنوات منذ كانت أعمارهم 15 عاما في المتوسط.
ووجدوا أن من مارسوا رياضات جماعية تراجع لديهم احتمال الإصابة بالاكتئاب في بداية مرحلة البلوغ بنسبة 24 في المئة بينما تراجع احتمال تشخيص إصابتهم باضطرابات القلق بنسبة 30 في المئة.
وعزا الباحثون في الدراسة التي نشرت بدورية "غاما" لطب الأطفال هذا الارتباط إلى الجوانب الاجتماعية للرياضة الجماعية وليس الجوانب الجسدية.
وأضافوا أن الإحساس بالارتباط بالمجتمع المدرسي وقبول المجتمع لهم، إضافة إلى تزايد احترام الذات كلها تفسر تراجعا يتراوح بين 16 و36 في المئة لخطر الإصابة بالاكتئاب والقلق يرتبط بالرياضات الجماعية.
وقالت مرسيدس كارنيثون من كلية فاينبرغ للطب في جامعة نورث وسترن في شيكاغو وكاتبة المقال الافتتاحي المصاحب "الدروس التي يتعلمونها عن مساعدة بعضهم والتوافق والصمود خلال الصعوبات والتعامل مع الخسارة المحتومة لها ما يوازيها في الحياة".
وأضافت "يمكن لهذه الدروس أن تساعد اليافعين على التعامل مع تحديات يواجهونها في حياتهم الخاصة نتيجة لتجاربهم السلبية في الطفولة".
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