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كشف جديد لمرضى السرطان.. العلاج قد يكون في الغذاء


تشكل التغذية جزءا لا يتجزأ من سبل علاج بعض الأمراض، مثل السكري وارتفاع ضغط الدم، لكن دراسة جديدة لا تزال نتائجها أولية عززت أبحاثا حديثة مفادها بأن الحمية الغذائية قد تؤدي دورا في معالجة السرطان.

وأظهر مقال نشر في مجلة "نيتشر" أن تخفيض حمض أميني موجود خصوصا في اللحم الأحمر والبيض تخفيضا شديدا زاد من فعالية العلاج الكيميائي والإشعاعي التي خضعت لها فئران، مع إبطاء نمو الورم.

لكن لا يزال من المبكر جدا استنتاج خلاصات بشأن فعالية محتملة لدى الإنسان، بحسب ما قال المشرف الرئيسي على هذه الأبحاث جايسون لوكاسال، الأستاذ المحاضر في جامعة ديوك في ولاية كارولاينا الشمالية.

وخفض فريقه استهلاك الفئران للحمض الأميني المعروف بالميثيونين، الذي يعد أساسيا للجسم الذي يتزود به عبر الأغذية إذ يعجز عن إنتاجه بنفسه. ويستخدم هذا الحمض الأميني الذي يؤدي دورا أساسيا في التفاعلات الأيضية لتنمية الخلايا السرطانية.

وجرّب الباحثون هذه الحمية الغذائية على فئران بصحة جيدة للتأكد من آثارها المرجوة على الأيض، ثم على قوارض مصابة بسرطان الشرج أو ساركوما الأنسجة الرخوة (وهما نوعان من السرطان نادران ويصيبان عادة الأعضاء أو القفص الصدري).

وكان كافيا إخضاع الفئران لعلاج كيميائي بسيط، ما كان لوحده ليؤثر على السرطان، "لينحسر نمو الورم انحسارا ملحوظا". والأمر سيان عندما أرفق تخفيض استهلاك الميثيونين بعلاج إشعاعي عند الفئران المصابة بساركوما الأنسجة الرخوة.

وقال جايسون لوكاسال لوكالة فرانس برس: "نجوّع الخلايا السرطانية من خلال حرمانها من بعض المغذيات".

وأردف: "ليس هذا بالطبع علاجا شاملا ضد السرطان، لكنه يظهر أن الامتناع عن تناول بعض الأطعمة يؤثر على عملية الأيض التي تؤثر بدورها على نمو الخلايا السرطانية".

وجرب الباحثون في مرحلة أولى هذا النظام الغذائي على 6 أشخاص بصحة جيدة طوال 3 اسابيع.

ولاحظوا نتيجة مماثلة عندهم لتلك المسجلة عند الفئران، مما يعزز من احتمال أن يكون لهذه الحمية الغذائية تأثير على نمو بعض الأورام عند الإنسان.

لكن، قبل التوصل إلى نتائج قاطعة، لا بد من إجراء مزيد من الأبحاث وحشد التمويل اللازم لها.

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